biliary sand/microlithiasis precursor to stones cholecystitis, colic, pancreatitis Biliary sludge is a common finding on GB sonography. It is mainly comprised of calcium bilirubinate granules and lesser amounts of cholesterol crystals. It can be asymptomatic. Risk factors are rapid weight loss, gastric surgery, total parenteral nutrition (tpn) in fact you see it quite frequently in… Read More Gallbladder Sludge
Neuroblastoma is the most common extracranial malignant neoplasm in infants and children. It accounts for eight to 10% of all childhood cancers and 15% of cancer related death. The median agent diagnosis is usually 22 months with 30 % of cases being discovered in the first year of life. The tumors arise from the neural… Read More Neuroblastoma
Intracranial Hemorrhage of Prematurity Intraventricular hemorrhages aka Germinal Matrix/Subependymal bleeds are believed to happen due to poor autoregulation of premature infants, sudden changes in pressure or oxygen saturation can cause sudden reperfusion which ruptures of the tiny delicate vessels within the germinal matrix Etiologic Factors Prevalence Most of the Bleeds occur earlyDay 1 50%Day 2… Read More Intraventricular Hemorrhage
Given the pandemic status and constant coverage along with countries closing down, it is certain most of you have heard of Covid-19. As healthcare workers including sonographers, radiographers, physicians, nurses, respiratory therapists, phlebotomists etc… We may come in contact or be affected by this pathogen. So what is Covid-19? Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an… Read More Covid-19
Fatty liver is a condition consisting of the accumulation of fat (triglycerides) in the form of vesicles within the livers hepatocytes. Fatty liver is divided into two subcategories; alcoholic fatty liver disease ALFD and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease or NAFLD, though the clinical outcomes are nearly the same. The condition is also associated with other diseases… Read More Hepatic Steatosis (Fatty Liver)
Subgaleal hemorrhage is a rare collection of fluid in the potential space of the galeal or epicranial aponeurosisand cranial periosteum. Birth trauma and forceps use typically cause it (90% of cases), and may also be present in patients with blood clotting disorders. This condition is similar in appearance to a cephalohematoma, though the cephalohematomas are… Read More Subgaleal Hematoma
Ovarian torsion is an infrequent though important gynecological pathology.… Read More Ovarian Torsion
Pilmatricoma (pilomatrixoma) Is a rare benign tumor that grows withing the subcutaneous soft tissues. it is associated with hair follicle matrix. The lesion typically presents as a painless, firm, slow growing mass most commonly seen in the head and neck, but they can also be seen in the trunk and extremities. Usually seen in children… Read More Pilomatricoma
Omphalocele and Gastroschisis fall under an umbrella of ventral/anterior thoraco-abdominal wall defects that also include bladder extrophy and ectopia cordis. Prenatal ultrasound is essential in the detection of these conditions. Fetal gut herniation is a normal part of intrauterine development. Begins at 6-8 weeks and completes by 10-12 weeks. The gut elongates or grows… Read More Omphalocele vs. Gastroschisis
An intussusception is a medical condition in which a part of the intestine goes into another, typically the Ileum into the Ascending colon causing a intestinal obstruction. An easy way to visualize the mechanism is to imagine when you collapse a telescope, that is essentially what happens to the intestines. Imaging Bowel-within-bowel appearance: Alternating layers… Read More Intussusception
Sonographic Tendencies 